If you or your loved one is dealing with dementia, you might have encountered the term “sundowning.” In this advice article, we’ll explain what sundowning means in the context of dementia and offer valuable insights and strategies to help you manage this challenging phenomenon. Our aim is to provide you with practical guidance, making your journey with dementia a bit smoother.
What Is Sundowning?
Sundowning, also known as “late-day confusion,” is a common occurrence in individuals living with dementia, particularly in the late afternoon or evening. During this time, you or your loved one may experience increased agitation, confusion, restlessness, and sometimes even aggressive behaviour. It can be distressing, but understanding sundowning can help you navigate it more effectively.
Understanding the Triggers
Sundowning can have various triggers, and recognising them is the first step in managing this challenging behaviour:
- Fatigue: By late afternoon, you or your loved one may be tired from the day’s activities, which can exacerbate cognitive difficulties.
- Diminished Lighting: As daylight fades, reduced lighting can cause shadows and visual disturbances, leading to confusion and anxiety.
- Disruption of Routine: Changes in daily routines or schedules can be unsettling and trigger sundowning. Consistency is crucial.
- Hunger or Thirst: Low blood sugar or dehydration can worsen confusion and irritability, so ensure regular meals and hydration.
- Sensory Overload: Loud noises, bustling environments, or overstimulation can be overwhelming, contributing to sundowning.
Practical Tips for Managing Sundowning
Now, let’s explore some strategies to help you cope with sundowning:
- Establish a Calm Evening Routine: Create a soothing evening routine that includes calming activities like listening to soft music, gentle stretching, or reading. Avoid stimulating activities close to bedtime.
- Maintain Adequate Lighting: Ensure well-lit spaces in the evening to reduce confusion caused by shadows. Nightlights can be helpful in bedrooms and hallways.
- Monitor Food and Hydration: Keep track of meals and fluids throughout the day to prevent hunger and dehydration. A balanced diet and regular hydration can help alleviate sundowning symptoms.
- Limit Caffeine and Sugar: Reduce caffeine and sugar intake, especially in the afternoon and evening, to avoid energy spikes and crashes.
- Engage in Daylight Exposure: Encourage exposure to natural daylight during the day, as it can help regulate the sleep-wake cycle and reduce evening restlessness.
- Medication Review: Consult with a healthcare professional to review medications, as some drugs may contribute to sundowning symptoms.
- Calm Environment: Create a calm and soothing environment by reducing noise, clutter, and distractions in the evening.
Seeking Professional Guidance
If sundowning becomes a significant challenge, consult with a healthcare provider or dementia specialist. They can assess the situation, offer tailored advice, and recommend interventions or therapies that may help manage sundowning more effectively.
Final Thoughts
Understanding sundowning and implementing practical strategies can significantly improve the quality of life for you and your loved one living with dementia. By addressing triggers, establishing calming routines, and seeking professional guidance when needed, you can create a more peaceful and supportive environment during the challenging evening hours.
